With each release of Microsoft SharePoint, developers ask for additional web services to simplify reading and writing SharePoint site data from custom code not on the server that is running SharePoint. Instead of building more and more web services, Microsoft introduced in SharePoint 2010 the client object model, which contains a familiar subset of frequently used objects.
The client object model is very similar to the SharePoint server object model.
This SharePoint Visual How To demonstrates how to use the SharePoint 2010 .NET client object model.